The EV Transition Explained - Engineering a new cyber-physical system at scale within the decade poses daunting challenges

From the outside, there is little to tell a basic Ford XL ICE F-150 from the electric Ford PRO F-150 Lightning. Exterior changes could pass for a typical model-year refresh. While there are LED head and rear light improvements along with a more streamlined profile, the Lightning’s cargo box is identical to an ICE F-150, complete with tailgate access steps and a jobsite ruler. The Lightning’s interior also has a familiar feel. But when you pop the Lightning’s hood, you find the internal combustion engine has gone missing. In its place is a front trunk (“frunk”), while concealed beneath is the new skateboard frame with its dual electric motors (one for each axle) and a big 98 kWh standard (and 131 kWh extended range)battery pack. The combination permits the Lightning to travel 230 miles (370 km) without recharging and go from 0 to 60 mph in 4.5 seconds, making it the fastest F-150 available despite its much heavier weight.